Permanent hair waving device



Sept. 7, 1937. M. GlA-LAFOS PERMANENT HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed Feb. 18, 1936 ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 7, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,092,645 PERMANENT HAIR wavme DEVICE Michael Gialafos, New York, N. Y. Application February 18,1936, Serial No. 64,425

4 Claims. (01. 132-36) This invention relates to new and-useful improvements in a permanent hair waving device for forming a spiral wave.

. The inventioncontemplates the construction of a device as mentioned which is characterized by a rigidlbase plate forresting flat against the head and having an opening cut in one-side through which a lock of hair may pass, clamps associated with said base plate for holding the base portion of the lock of hair in a desirable position, and a mechanism for curling the hair upon a mandrel projecting from the top face of said base.

A further object of the invention is the association of a cylindrical heating element with the curled hair to produce the required heat necessary in permanent waving.

Furthermore, the invention particularly proposes to utilize a heating element which is operative chemically;

A further object of the invention resides in the particular arrangement of the clamps previously mentioned. It is proposed to mount one of the clamps across the opening in the side of the rigid plate for clamping the hair, and to arrange the second clamp for holding the hair against the lower portion of the-mandrel and adapted to be opened after the hair is curledon the mandrel, and to clamp the lower portion of the cylindrical heating element to hold it in operative position.

Still further, the invention contemplates a construction which is capable of using a cylinder normally engageable over the mandrel and having an opening to receive the lock of hair and adapted to be rotated along the mandrel to wind the hair on the mandrel.

Another object of the invention is the construction of a device as described which is simple 40 and durable and which may be manufactured and sold at a reasonable cost.

For further comprehension of the invention, and of the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description 45 and accompanying drawing, and to the appended claims in which the various novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawing forming a material part of this disclosure:--

50 Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a permanent hair waving device constructed according to this invention and shown in the act of supplying the .heat necessary for the permanent waving.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view takenon 55 the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the rigid base plate with the mandrel, and the clamps, illustrated per se. i

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the cylinder used for curling the hair. i 5

Fig. 5 is an elevational view illustrating the cylinder in use.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the cylindrical heating element.

Fig. '7 is a sectional View taken on the line 'l---! 10 of Fig. 5. A

The permanent hair waving device, according to this invention, comprises a rigid base plate 10 adapted to be engaged fiat against the scalp, and formed with an opening 'II in one side through 15 which a lock of hair 50 may be passed. A mandrel I2 rigidly projects from the top face of the base plate ID at the center thereof. A hair clamp I3 is mountedupon the plate. In and is extendible across. the opening H for clampingv the lock 20 of hair at theroots to hold the base plate on the head. A second clamp I4 is arranged upon the top faceoof thebase plate Ill and is adapted to hold the lock of hair which passes through the opening ll about the base of the mandrel I2. These clamps prevent ones hair being pulled when it is wound upon the mandrel, as hereinafter fully described. I

A jheatingielement l5 is engageable over the lock of hair after it is wound upon the mandrel. The second clamp I4 is adapted to be opened and re-clamped to hold the heating element [5 in position.- The hair is wound upon the mandrel by the use of a cylindrical member [6 having an opening I! in one end thereof adapted to receive the lock of hair. When the cylindrical member I6 is rotated along the mandrel it will wind the hair in a curl, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

The base .plate 10 ismade of. heat insulating material and serves to prevent steam which is 0 generated during. the hair waving process from reaching the scalp and causing burns. The mandrel lZ is in the form ofa solid aluminum rod, though it may be of other construction if need be.

7 The hair clamp pl3 operates in a lateral groove 48, formed in the edge of the base plate I0. It is pivotallyheld atoneend by a pintle [9. It is adapted .to. be extended across the opening I l .and into the groove I8. It has a prong 20 at the free end engageableselectively with depressed areas 2!; as clearly shown in Fig. 2. This is the closed position-of the clamp. The clamp is also provided with a handle 22 by which it may be conveniently operated. I j

The clamp I 4 is constructed of a pair of pivotally connected jaw sections Ma and MI). These sections are pivotally connected by a pintle 23 mounted on the base plate I0. A washer 24 is interposed between the clamp and the plate II] to hold the clamp slightly spaced from the top face of the base plate, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. This provides a passage through which the lock of hair, indicated by reference numeral 50, may pass. Each of the jaws Ida and Mb is of arcuate shape so that when they are close together, as shown in Fig. 2, they encircle the mandrel I2. To facilitate moving the jaws, each of the jaws is provided with a projecting handle 25. The jaw MI) is provided with a plurality of apertures 26 which is adapted to be engaged by the front end 2'! of a pivoted element 21 mounted on the jaw Ida. The jaw Ma is formed with an opening through which the front end 21' extends to be engageable selectively with the apertures 26. The element 21 is pivotally supported on lugs 28 and is normally urged into a closed position by a spring 29. This spring acts between the rear end of the member 21 and the jaw Ida.

The cylindrical member I6 is adapted to slidably and rotatively engage on the mandrel I2. The lock of hair may be engaged up through the open end I6 of the cylindrical member and through the side opening I I. Then, when the side cylindrical member is rotated and moved along the mandrel the lock of hair 50 will be formed into a curl, indicated by the reference numeral 50' in Fig. l.

The cylindrical heating element I5 comprises an outer cylindrical paper jacket I5 holding a cylindrical chemical cartridge 30. This chemical cartridge consists of an outer cylindrical casing 30a, an inner perforated cylindrical casing 301), and internal chemical 300. A porous and absorbent cylindrical member 30d, such as felt or cloth, engages within the part 301) to prevent the chemical from falling out through the openings.

The chemical 300 is preferably a composition of elements capable of slowly heating when moistened and reaching a desired temperature necessary in permanent hair waving. For example, the following formula would be satisfactory:

Parts Pumice 20 Chrome alum 2 Potassium chlorate 2 Ferric chloride 2 Metal magnesium (powder) 2 In order to make a good permanent wave it is necessary that the hair be moistened with a waving solution. A satisfactory waving solution for the type of heater called for in this invention is given by the following formula:

Per cent Soft soap 3.00 Ammonium chloride 0.50 Essence lemon 0.15

Gelatin 1.00 Glycerine 1.50 Water 93.85

The operation of the device is as follows: A

lock of hair is straightened out and passed through the opening II of the plate Ill. The plate is placed against the head. Then the clamp I3 is closed so as to attach the plate I 0 upon the head. The lock of hair is turned once around the bottom of the mandrel I2 and the clamp I4 is closed to hold the hair at the roots about the mandrel.

The cylindrical member I6 is'engaged over the mandrel and the lock of hair passed through the opening IT. The cylindrical member I6 is turned to curl the hair on the mandrel. The end of the curl may be tied with a string 50a to the mandrel, or an elastic may be used. In fact, the curl may be held in any suitable manner in the desired position. The cylindrical heat element I5 is then engaged over the curl of hair. It is placed completely on the curl and is held in position by the clamp I4 which must first be opened to allow the end of the heat element to extend down a sufficient distance. The clamp is closed and'serves to hold the heating element in position.

The heating element I5 is moistened prior to its engagement upon the curl. The curl is treated with the waving solution. The heat-generated by the heating element will permanently Wave the curl of hair.

While I have illustrated and described my invention with some degree of particularity, I realize that in practice various alterations therein may be made. I therefore reserve the right and privilege of changing the form of the details of construction or otherwise altering the arrangement of the correlated parts without departing from the spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

I-llaving thus described my invention, What I claim and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. In a permanent hair waving device a rigid base plate for resting fiat against the head and having an opening cut in one side, a mandrel projecting from the top face of said base, a hair clamp mounted on said plate and extending over the said opening for clamping a lock of hair at the roots to hold said base plate on the head, a second clamp on the top face of said base plate for holding said lock of hair at the root ends about the base of said mandrel, and a cylindrical heating element engageable over said lock of hair when wound spirally on said mandrel, and said second clamp also being adapted to clamp and hold said cylindrical heating element.

2. In a permanent hair waving device a rigid base plate for resting flat against the head and having an opening cut in one side, a mandrel projecting from the top face of said base, a hair clamp mounted on said plate and extending over the said opening for clamping a lock of hair at the roots to hold said base plate on the head, and a cylindrical heating element engageable over said lock of hair when wound spirally on said mandrel, and said second clamp also being adapted to clamp and hold said cylindrical heating element, said hair clamp comprising a member pivotally mounted at one end and engageable in a groove across the opening in said base plate and adapted to be held at the free end in desired fixed positions.

3. In a permanent hair waving device, a rigid base plate for resting flat against the head and having an opening cut in one side, a mandrel projecting from the top face of said base, a hair clamp for clamping a lock of hair at the roots to hold said base plate on the head, a second clamp on the top face of said base plate for holding said lock of hair at the root ends about the base of said mandrel. and a cylindrical heating element engageable over said lock of hair i when wound spirally on said mandrel, and said second clamp also being adapted to clamp and hold said cylindrical heating element, said second clamp comprising a pair of arcuate jaws pivotally connected at one of their ends by a pin mounted on said base plate, said jaws being slightly spaced from the top face of the base plate by a suitable washer.

4. In a permanent hair waving device, a rigid base plate for resting flat against the head and having an opening cut in one side, a mandrel projecting from the top face of said base, a hair clamp mounted on said plate and extending over the said opening for clamping a lock of hair at the roots to hold said base plate on the head, a second clamp on the top face of said base plate for holding said lock of hair at the root ends about the base of said mandrel, and a cylindrical heating element engageable over said lock of hair when wound spirally on said mandrel, and said second clamp also being adapted to clamp and hold said cylindrical heating element, said cylindrical heating element comprising a tubular jacket housing a tubular chemical which is adapted to become hot upon the application of water and said jacket being the portion adapted to be clamped by said clamp.

MICHAEL GIALAFOS. 

